4. Session: A Problem Tree

Welcome to your fourth session of the Community action module!

It will take you 2 hour to complete it.

Learning outcomes:

At the end of this session, participants will be able to: 

  • use A Problem Tree tool to develop project idea;

  • define the project problem, causes, consequences and patterns.

Facilitators instructions 

Using the available slides, give a theoretical outline of the Problem Tree tool and its use in developing a project idea. Let the participants draw a Problem Tree of potential project ideas, compare the commonalities and differences between the Problem Tree results and the Theory of Why results.

  1. A Problem Tree 

A Problem Tree is a visual tool used to analyze the root causes and effects of a problem. It’s commonly used in project planning, community development, and problem-solving to gain a clear understanding of the underlying issues and their consequences. The problem tree is shaped like a tree, with the main problem as the "trunk," the causes as the "roots," and the effects as the "branches."

  1. Steps to Create a Problem Tree

2.1. Identify the Core Problem (Trunk)

  • Define the main issue you want to address. Ensure it is specific and clear;

  • Write this problem in the center of your diagram to serve as the "trunk."

2.2. Identify the Causes (Roots)

  • Brainstorm the factors that lead to the problem;

  • Organize them into categories if needed, and place them below the trunk as "roots.";

  • Causes can be further broken down into primary, secondary, or even deeper levels.

2.3. Identify the Effects (Branches)

  • Consider the consequences or outcomes of the problem. What happens because of this issue?

  • Place the effects above the trunk as "branches."

2.4. Analyze Connections

Review the tree to identify relationships between causes and effects. Often, one cause may lead to multiple effects, or several causes may combine to produce one effect.

 

  1. Group work and discussion

In group work, participants draw Problem Trees for potential project ideas/community action activities. Discuss them. Compare the results with the Theory of Why results.